One should also consider the use of the equipment. In the flying business, we frequently use actual cranes to lift people for effects, but OSHA rules do not apply to the performers suspended from the hooks because we are not in a "worksite" environment. Before I get corrected on this point, let me assure you that local OSHA AHJs and I usually have a thorough discussion on the topic before he agrees with me, but I have always prevailed.
I am likely going to be flamed for the following, but, as a professional TD, this is how we typically treat the use of items like scaffolding. The use of items such as ladders and scaffolding for a production arguably removes them form the classification of worksite tools and puts them into the grey area of "scenery", which is not regulated by any building code or regulations. In the same way that the downstage edge of a stage does not need a railing, even though there is a 20 foot drop to the orchestra pit floor, a well braced scaffolding does not need a downstage railing if it is used as a scenic element.
HOWEVER, with that being said, a thorough examination of risk analysis / risk reduction should be done to ensure that the performers are safe. For example, if no railing is to be used on the downstage edge, the scaff should be 100% secured from moving (in any and all directions) and the deck should be firmly secured to the frame, essentially making it a stage platform. One should take all of the same precautions taken as if a legged platform was being used instead of the scaffolding.
Regardless of whether using scaffolding, platforms, risers, or cranes, a competent person should be in charge of the RA/RR process, should be a primary member of the construction/implementation team, and should train the performers in the proper precautions to take when working in that area.
That last paragraph is really important. I hope this helps.
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Tracy Nunnally
Owner/President
DeKalb IL
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Original Message:
Sent: 09-08-2014 23:31
From: Elizabeth Rand
Subject: Scaffolding
I believe that if you have a railing that is 42" or higher, then you don't need harnesses for fall protection - which of course would be impractical in a live production. Again check with OSHA.
Regards,
Beth
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Elizabeth Rand
High School Theatre Consultant
Rand Consulting and Design
Woodinville WA
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Original Message:
Sent: 09-06-2014 10:17
From: Daniel Devlin
Subject: Scaffolding
Thanks all for your advice and suggestions. Lots of great information to ponder. I really appreciate all of you sharing your knowledge and expertise.
Daniel
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Daniel Devlin
Theatre Department Director / Teacher
Plainfield NJ
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Original Message:
Sent: 09-04-2014 13:29
From: Erich Friend
Subject: Scaffolding
If you are considering using scaffolding for set pieces or set construction then you should become familiar with the OSHA regulations and other scaffolding safety procedures. This includes the requirements for fall protection when working at height (typically above six feet, but falls from any height can cause serious injuries).
OSHA 1926-452 Scaffolding:
https://www.osha.gov
A Guide to Scaffold Use in the Construction Industry
https://www.osha.gov
Even if your school's operations don't fall under OSHA jurisdiction, treat these rules as if they still apply. When your students move on to the 'the real world' or travel to a location where it does apply, then they will be subject to these regulations and should have a working understanding of them. Lead by example, not by excuse.
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Erich Friend
Theatre Consultant
Teqniqal Systems
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Original Message:
Sent: 08-31-2014 10:57
From: Daniel Devlin
Subject: Scaffolding
Hello!
Considering using metal scaffolding for our set this year (and possibly next), and was wondering if anyone had any prior experience with this. Considering various issues, including renting vs. buying options. We are located in NJ (not sure if this matters). We have a large stage - approximately 45' wide by 36' deep. Doing Urinetown this year, and possibly Macbeth next and would like to use the scaffolding for both.
Any thoughts/suggestions (including best companies to contact for this) would be appreciated greatly.
Thanks!
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Daniel Devlin
Theatre Department Director / Teacher
Plainfield NJ
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